词汇精选：excuse的用法和辨析

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一、详细释义：,n.,英[ɪkˈskjuːs]；美[ɛkˈskjus],辩解 [U,C],例句：,He would seize upon any Excuse to justify himself.,他会利用任何借口为自己辩解。,例句：,I can find no excuse for his behaviour.,我对他的行为找不到辩词。,借口；理由 [U,C],例句：,His excuse sounds unconvincing.,他说的理由听上去并不可信。,例句：,He invented an ingenious excuse for his absence.,他为缺席编造了一个巧妙的借口。,原谅，饶恕 [C],例句：,I'll give you an excuse for your fault.,我将对你的过失给予原谅。,请假条 [C],例句：,I wrote an excuse for my absence from school.,我写了一张请假条，说明缺课的原因。,(excuses) 歉意，道歉,例句：,He made belated excuses.,他作了为时已晚的道歉。,例句：,Please make my excuses to your friend.,请代我向你的朋友表示歉意。,v.,英[ɪkˈskjuːz]；美[ɛkˈskjuz]; [ɪkˈskjuz],原谅 [T],例句：,Would you excuse me for a moment please, gentlemen?,各位先生，请原谅我离开一会儿。,例句：,Please excuse the offence this time.,请原谅这次冒犯。,辩解；成为...的理由；试图开脱 [T],例句：,Nothing can excuse such rudeness.,如此粗暴无礼不能原谅。,例句：,She excused her absence by saying that she was ill.,她为她的缺席申辩，说是病了。,免除 [T],例句：,Your ill-health will excuse you from night duties.,你身体不好，这可使你免除值夜班。,例句：,We must excuse him from his duties.,我们必须免除他的任务。,准许...离去；让...走开 [T],例句：,She excused herself and left the meeting early.,她准许自己提前离开会场。,例句：,Please excuse me for a while.,请允许我离开一会儿。,二、词义辨析：,cause,reason,excuse,这些名词均有“原因”之意。cause指直接导致事情发生的原因，与所发生的事个有因果关系。reason强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因，不是直接说明起因。excuse指为自己辩解，希望得到谅解时所提出的种种理由，是借口性的理由。,三、词义辨析：,excuse,pardon,five,overlook,这些动词均有“原谅”之意。excuse口语常用词，语气较轻。指原谅轻微的过错、疏忽或过失。pardon比excuse正式，指原谅或宽恕严重的过失或法律上的犯罪行为；在社会交场合则指对打搅他人表示歉意。five侧重从心里宽恕某人，暗示放弃一切愤恨和要求报偿的权利。overlook语气较弱，指宽容或不计较无关大局的过失。,四、参考例句：,Excuse me!,对不起！,His excuse sounds unconvincing.,他说的理由听上去并不可信。,His excuse sounded unconvincing.,他的理由听上去并不可信。,Excuse me a minute.,我走开一会。,To excuse away.,找借口不做。,Please excuse this typographical error.,请原谅此打印错误。,Please excuse my bad handwriting.,请原谅我的字写的不好。,Loser always has an excuse.,失败的人总有[借口]。,Excuse me. Are you Victor?,打扰一下。你是Victor吗？,Please excuse this clerical error.,请原谅这一书写错误。